Optimize address translation and write tracking on the MMU (#571)
* Implement faster address translation and write tracking on the MMU * Rename MemoryAlloc to MemoryManagement, and other nits * Support multi-level page tables * Fix typo * Reword comment a bit * Support scalar vector loads/stores on the memory fast path, and minor fixes * Add missing cast * Alignment * Fix VirtualFree function signature * Change MemoryProtection enum to uint aswell for consistency
This commit is contained in:
gdkchan
jduncanator
parent
a3d46e4133
commit
5001f78b1d
24 changed files with 1005 additions and 621 deletions
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@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
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using ChocolArm64.Events;
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using ChocolArm64.Exceptions;
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using ChocolArm64.Instructions;
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using System;
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using System.Collections.Concurrent;
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using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
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using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
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using System.Runtime.Intrinsics;
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@ -10,52 +7,399 @@ using System.Runtime.Intrinsics.X86;
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using System.Threading;
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using static ChocolArm64.Memory.CompareExchange128;
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using static ChocolArm64.Memory.MemoryManagement;
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namespace ChocolArm64.Memory
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{
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public unsafe class MemoryManager : IMemory, IDisposable
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{
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private const int PtLvl0Bits = 13;
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private const int PtLvl1Bits = 14;
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public const int PageBits = 12;
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public const int PageBits = 12;
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public const int PageSize = 1 << PageBits;
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public const int PageMask = PageSize - 1;
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private const int PtLvl0Size = 1 << PtLvl0Bits;
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private const int PtLvl1Size = 1 << PtLvl1Bits;
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public const int PageSize = 1 << PageBits;
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private const long PteFlagNotModified = 1;
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private const int PtLvl0Mask = PtLvl0Size - 1;
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private const int PtLvl1Mask = PtLvl1Size - 1;
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public const int PageMask = PageSize - 1;
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private const int PtLvl0Bit = PageBits + PtLvl1Bits;
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private const int PtLvl1Bit = PageBits;
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private ConcurrentDictionary<long, IntPtr> _observedPages;
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internal const long PteFlagsMask = 7;
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public IntPtr Ram { get; private set; }
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private byte* _ramPtr;
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private byte*** _pageTable;
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private IntPtr _pageTable;
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public event EventHandler<MemoryAccessEventArgs> InvalidAccess;
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internal IntPtr PageTable => _pageTable;
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public event EventHandler<MemoryAccessEventArgs> ObservedAccess;
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internal int PtLevelBits { get; }
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internal int PtLevelSize { get; }
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internal int PtLevelMask { get; }
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public MemoryManager(IntPtr ram)
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public bool HasWriteWatchSupport => MemoryManagement.HasWriteWatchSupport;
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public int AddressSpaceBits { get; }
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public long AddressSpaceSize { get; }
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public MemoryManager(
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IntPtr ram,
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int addressSpaceBits = 48,
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bool useFlatPageTable = false)
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{
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_observedPages = new ConcurrentDictionary<long, IntPtr>();
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Ram = ram;
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_ramPtr = (byte*)ram;
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_pageTable = (byte***)Marshal.AllocHGlobal(PtLvl0Size * IntPtr.Size);
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AddressSpaceBits = addressSpaceBits;
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AddressSpaceSize = 1L << addressSpaceBits;
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for (int l0 = 0; l0 < PtLvl0Size; l0++)
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//When flat page table is requested, we use a single
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//array for the mappings of the entire address space.
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//This has better performance, but also high memory usage.
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//The multi level page table uses 9 bits per level, so
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//the memory usage is lower, but the performance is also
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//lower, since each address translation requires multiple reads.
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if (useFlatPageTable)
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{
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_pageTable[l0] = null;
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PtLevelBits = addressSpaceBits - PageBits;
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}
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else
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{
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PtLevelBits = 9;
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}
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PtLevelSize = 1 << PtLevelBits;
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PtLevelMask = PtLevelSize - 1;
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_pageTable = Allocate((ulong)(PtLevelSize * IntPtr.Size));
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}
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public void Map(long va, long pa, long size)
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{
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SetPtEntries(va, _ramPtr + pa, size);
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}
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public void Unmap(long position, long size)
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{
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SetPtEntries(position, null, size);
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}
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public bool IsMapped(long position)
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{
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return Translate(position) != IntPtr.Zero;
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}
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public long GetPhysicalAddress(long virtualAddress)
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{
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byte* ptr = (byte*)Translate(virtualAddress);
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return (long)(ptr - _ramPtr);
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}
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private IntPtr Translate(long position)
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{
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if (!IsValidPosition(position))
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{
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return IntPtr.Zero;
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}
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byte* ptr = GetPtEntry(position);
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ulong ptrUlong = (ulong)ptr;
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if ((ptrUlong & PteFlagsMask) != 0)
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{
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ptrUlong &= ~(ulong)PteFlagsMask;
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ptr = (byte*)ptrUlong;
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}
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return new IntPtr(ptr + (position & PageMask));
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}
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private IntPtr TranslateWrite(long position)
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{
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if (!IsValidPosition(position))
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{
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return IntPtr.Zero;
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}
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byte* ptr = GetPtEntry(position);
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ulong ptrUlong = (ulong)ptr;
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if ((ptrUlong & PteFlagsMask) != 0)
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{
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if ((ptrUlong & PteFlagNotModified) != 0)
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{
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ClearPtEntryFlag(position, PteFlagNotModified);
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}
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ptrUlong &= ~(ulong)PteFlagsMask;
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ptr = (byte*)ptrUlong;
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}
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return new IntPtr(ptr + (position & PageMask));
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}
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private byte* GetPtEntry(long position)
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{
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return *(byte**)GetPtPtr(position);
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}
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private void SetPtEntries(long va, byte* ptr, long size)
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{
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long endPosition = (va + size + PageMask) & ~PageMask;
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while ((ulong)va < (ulong)endPosition)
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{
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SetPtEntry(va, ptr);
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va += PageSize;
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if (ptr != null)
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{
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ptr += PageSize;
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}
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}
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}
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private void SetPtEntry(long position, byte* ptr)
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{
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*(byte**)GetPtPtr(position) = ptr;
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}
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private void SetPtEntryFlag(long position, long flag)
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{
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ModifyPtEntryFlag(position, flag, setFlag: true);
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}
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private void ClearPtEntryFlag(long position, long flag)
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{
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ModifyPtEntryFlag(position, flag, setFlag: false);
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}
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private void ModifyPtEntryFlag(long position, long flag, bool setFlag)
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{
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IntPtr* pt = (IntPtr*)_pageTable;
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while (true)
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{
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IntPtr* ptPtr = GetPtPtr(position);
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IntPtr old = *ptPtr;
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long modified = old.ToInt64();
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if (setFlag)
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{
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modified |= flag;
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}
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else
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{
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modified &= ~flag;
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}
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IntPtr origValue = Interlocked.CompareExchange(ref *ptPtr, new IntPtr(modified), old);
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if (origValue == old)
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{
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break;
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}
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}
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}
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private IntPtr* GetPtPtr(long position)
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{
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if (!IsValidPosition(position))
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{
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throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(position));
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}
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IntPtr nextPtr = _pageTable;
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IntPtr* ptePtr = null;
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int bit = PageBits;
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while (true)
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{
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long index = (position >> bit) & PtLevelMask;
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ptePtr = &((IntPtr*)nextPtr)[index];
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bit += PtLevelBits;
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if (bit >= AddressSpaceBits)
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{
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break;
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}
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nextPtr = *ptePtr;
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if (nextPtr == IntPtr.Zero)
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{
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//Entry does not yet exist, allocate a new one.
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IntPtr newPtr = Allocate((ulong)(PtLevelSize * IntPtr.Size));
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//Try to swap the current pointer (should be zero), with the allocated one.
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nextPtr = Interlocked.Exchange(ref *ptePtr, newPtr);
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//If the old pointer is not null, then another thread already has set it.
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if (nextPtr != IntPtr.Zero)
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{
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Free(newPtr);
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}
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else
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{
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nextPtr = newPtr;
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}
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}
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}
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return ptePtr;
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}
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public bool IsRegionModified(long position, long size)
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{
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if (!HasWriteWatchSupport)
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{
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return IsRegionModifiedFallback(position, size);
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}
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IntPtr address = Translate(position);
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IntPtr baseAddr = address;
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IntPtr expectedAddr = address;
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long pendingPages = 0;
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long pages = size / PageSize;
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bool modified = false;
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bool IsAnyPageModified()
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{
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IntPtr pendingSize = new IntPtr(pendingPages * PageSize);
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IntPtr[] addresses = new IntPtr[pendingPages];
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bool result = GetModifiedPages(baseAddr, pendingSize, addresses, out ulong count);
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if (result)
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{
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return count != 0;
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}
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else
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{
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return true;
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}
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}
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while (pages-- > 0)
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{
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if (address != expectedAddr)
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{
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modified |= IsAnyPageModified();
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baseAddr = address;
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pendingPages = 0;
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}
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expectedAddr = address + PageSize;
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pendingPages++;
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if (pages == 0)
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{
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break;
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}
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position += PageSize;
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address = Translate(position);
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}
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if (pendingPages != 0)
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{
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modified |= IsAnyPageModified();
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}
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return modified;
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}
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private unsafe bool IsRegionModifiedFallback(long position, long size)
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{
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long endAddr = (position + size + PageMask) & ~PageMask;
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bool modified = false;
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while ((ulong)position < (ulong)endAddr)
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{
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if (IsValidPosition(position))
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{
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byte* ptr = ((byte**)_pageTable)[position >> PageBits];
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ulong ptrUlong = (ulong)ptr;
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if ((ptrUlong & PteFlagNotModified) == 0)
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{
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modified = true;
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SetPtEntryFlag(position, PteFlagNotModified);
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}
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}
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else
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{
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modified = true;
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}
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position += PageSize;
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}
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return modified;
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}
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public bool TryGetHostAddress(long position, long size, out IntPtr ptr)
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{
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if (IsContiguous(position, size))
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{
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ptr = (IntPtr)Translate(position);
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return true;
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}
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ptr = IntPtr.Zero;
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return false;
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}
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private bool IsContiguous(long position, long size)
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{
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long endPos = position + size;
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position &= ~PageMask;
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long expectedPa = GetPhysicalAddress(position);
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while ((ulong)position < (ulong)endPos)
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{
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long pa = GetPhysicalAddress(position);
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if (pa != expectedPa)
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{
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return false;
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}
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position += PageSize;
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expectedPa += PageSize;
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}
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return true;
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}
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public bool IsValidPosition(long position)
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{
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return (ulong)position < (ulong)AddressSpaceSize;
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}
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internal bool AtomicCompareExchange2xInt32(
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@ -86,7 +430,7 @@ namespace ChocolArm64.Memory
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AbortWithAlignmentFault(position);
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}
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IntPtr ptr = new IntPtr(TranslateWrite(position));
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IntPtr ptr = TranslateWrite(position);
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return InterlockedCompareExchange128(ptr, expectedLow, expectedHigh, desiredLow, desiredHigh);
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}
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@ -98,7 +442,7 @@ namespace ChocolArm64.Memory
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AbortWithAlignmentFault(position);
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}
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IntPtr ptr = new IntPtr(Translate(position));
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IntPtr ptr = Translate(position);
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InterlockedRead128(ptr, out ulong low, out ulong high);
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@ -371,7 +715,7 @@ namespace ChocolArm64.Memory
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int copySize = (int)(pageLimit - position);
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Marshal.Copy((IntPtr)Translate(position), data, offset, copySize);
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Marshal.Copy(Translate(position), data, offset, copySize);
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position += copySize;
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offset += copySize;
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@ -408,7 +752,7 @@ namespace ChocolArm64.Memory
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int copySize = (int)(pageLimit - position);
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Marshal.Copy((IntPtr)Translate(position), data, offset, copySize);
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Marshal.Copy(Translate(position), data, offset, copySize);
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position += copySize;
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offset += copySize;
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@ -571,7 +915,7 @@ namespace ChocolArm64.Memory
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int copySize = (int)(pageLimit - position);
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Marshal.Copy(data, offset, (IntPtr)TranslateWrite(position), copySize);
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Marshal.Copy(data, offset, TranslateWrite(position), copySize);
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position += copySize;
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offset += copySize;
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@ -601,7 +945,7 @@ namespace ChocolArm64.Memory
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int copySize = (int)(pageLimit - position);
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Marshal.Copy(data, offset, (IntPtr)TranslateWrite(position), copySize);
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Marshal.Copy(data, offset, Translate(position), copySize);
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position += copySize;
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offset += copySize;
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@ -614,8 +958,8 @@ namespace ChocolArm64.Memory
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if (IsContiguous(src, size) &&
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IsContiguous(dst, size))
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{
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byte* srcPtr = Translate(src);
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byte* dstPtr = TranslateWrite(dst);
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byte* srcPtr = (byte*)Translate(src);
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byte* dstPtr = (byte*)Translate(dst);
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Buffer.MemoryCopy(srcPtr, dstPtr, size, size);
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}
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@ -625,266 +969,6 @@ namespace ChocolArm64.Memory
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}
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}
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public void Map(long va, long pa, long size)
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{
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SetPtEntries(va, _ramPtr + pa, size);
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}
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public void Unmap(long position, long size)
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{
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SetPtEntries(position, null, size);
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StopObservingRegion(position, size);
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}
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public bool IsMapped(long position)
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{
|
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if (!(IsValidPosition(position)))
|
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{
|
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return false;
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}
|
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|
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long l0 = (position >> PtLvl0Bit) & PtLvl0Mask;
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long l1 = (position >> PtLvl1Bit) & PtLvl1Mask;
|
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|
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if (_pageTable[l0] == null)
|
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{
|
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return false;
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}
|
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|
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return _pageTable[l0][l1] != null || _observedPages.ContainsKey(position >> PageBits);
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}
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|
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public long GetPhysicalAddress(long virtualAddress)
|
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{
|
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byte* ptr = Translate(virtualAddress);
|
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|
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return (long)(ptr - _ramPtr);
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}
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|
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internal byte* Translate(long position)
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{
|
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long l0 = (position >> PtLvl0Bit) & PtLvl0Mask;
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long l1 = (position >> PtLvl1Bit) & PtLvl1Mask;
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|
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long old = position;
|
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|
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byte** lvl1 = _pageTable[l0];
|
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|
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if ((position >> (PtLvl0Bit + PtLvl0Bits)) != 0)
|
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{
|
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goto Unmapped;
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}
|
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|
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if (lvl1 == null)
|
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{
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goto Unmapped;
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}
|
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|
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position &= PageMask;
|
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|
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byte* ptr = lvl1[l1];
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|
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if (ptr == null)
|
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{
|
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goto Unmapped;
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}
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|
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return ptr + position;
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Unmapped:
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||||
return HandleNullPte(old);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
private byte* HandleNullPte(long position)
|
||||
{
|
||||
long key = position >> PageBits;
|
||||
|
||||
if (_observedPages.TryGetValue(key, out IntPtr ptr))
|
||||
{
|
||||
return (byte*)ptr + (position & PageMask);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
InvalidAccess?.Invoke(this, new MemoryAccessEventArgs(position));
|
||||
|
||||
throw new VmmPageFaultException(position);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
internal byte* TranslateWrite(long position)
|
||||
{
|
||||
long l0 = (position >> PtLvl0Bit) & PtLvl0Mask;
|
||||
long l1 = (position >> PtLvl1Bit) & PtLvl1Mask;
|
||||
|
||||
long old = position;
|
||||
|
||||
byte** lvl1 = _pageTable[l0];
|
||||
|
||||
if ((position >> (PtLvl0Bit + PtLvl0Bits)) != 0)
|
||||
{
|
||||
goto Unmapped;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
if (lvl1 == null)
|
||||
{
|
||||
goto Unmapped;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
position &= PageMask;
|
||||
|
||||
byte* ptr = lvl1[l1];
|
||||
|
||||
if (ptr == null)
|
||||
{
|
||||
goto Unmapped;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return ptr + position;
|
||||
|
||||
Unmapped:
|
||||
return HandleNullPteWrite(old);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
private byte* HandleNullPteWrite(long position)
|
||||
{
|
||||
long key = position >> PageBits;
|
||||
|
||||
MemoryAccessEventArgs e = new MemoryAccessEventArgs(position);
|
||||
|
||||
if (_observedPages.TryGetValue(key, out IntPtr ptr))
|
||||
{
|
||||
SetPtEntry(position, (byte*)ptr);
|
||||
|
||||
ObservedAccess?.Invoke(this, e);
|
||||
|
||||
return (byte*)ptr + (position & PageMask);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
InvalidAccess?.Invoke(this, e);
|
||||
|
||||
throw new VmmPageFaultException(position);
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
private void SetPtEntries(long va, byte* ptr, long size)
|
||||
{
|
||||
long endPosition = (va + size + PageMask) & ~PageMask;
|
||||
|
||||
while ((ulong)va < (ulong)endPosition)
|
||||
{
|
||||
SetPtEntry(va, ptr);
|
||||
|
||||
va += PageSize;
|
||||
|
||||
if (ptr != null)
|
||||
{
|
||||
ptr += PageSize;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
private void SetPtEntry(long position, byte* ptr)
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (!IsValidPosition(position))
|
||||
{
|
||||
throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(position));
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
long l0 = (position >> PtLvl0Bit) & PtLvl0Mask;
|
||||
long l1 = (position >> PtLvl1Bit) & PtLvl1Mask;
|
||||
|
||||
if (_pageTable[l0] == null)
|
||||
{
|
||||
byte** lvl1 = (byte**)Marshal.AllocHGlobal(PtLvl1Size * IntPtr.Size);
|
||||
|
||||
for (int zl1 = 0; zl1 < PtLvl1Size; zl1++)
|
||||
{
|
||||
lvl1[zl1] = null;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
Thread.MemoryBarrier();
|
||||
|
||||
_pageTable[l0] = lvl1;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
_pageTable[l0][l1] = ptr;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public void StartObservingRegion(long position, long size)
|
||||
{
|
||||
long endPosition = (position + size + PageMask) & ~PageMask;
|
||||
|
||||
position &= ~PageMask;
|
||||
|
||||
while ((ulong)position < (ulong)endPosition)
|
||||
{
|
||||
_observedPages[position >> PageBits] = (IntPtr)Translate(position);
|
||||
|
||||
SetPtEntry(position, null);
|
||||
|
||||
position += PageSize;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public void StopObservingRegion(long position, long size)
|
||||
{
|
||||
long endPosition = (position + size + PageMask) & ~PageMask;
|
||||
|
||||
while (position < endPosition)
|
||||
{
|
||||
lock (_observedPages)
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (_observedPages.TryRemove(position >> PageBits, out IntPtr ptr))
|
||||
{
|
||||
SetPtEntry(position, (byte*)ptr);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
position += PageSize;
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public bool TryGetHostAddress(long position, long size, out IntPtr ptr)
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (IsContiguous(position, size))
|
||||
{
|
||||
ptr = (IntPtr)Translate(position);
|
||||
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
ptr = IntPtr.Zero;
|
||||
|
||||
return false;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
private bool IsContiguous(long position, long size)
|
||||
{
|
||||
long endPos = position + size;
|
||||
|
||||
position &= ~PageMask;
|
||||
|
||||
long expectedPa = GetPhysicalAddress(position);
|
||||
|
||||
while ((ulong)position < (ulong)endPos)
|
||||
{
|
||||
long pa = GetPhysicalAddress(position);
|
||||
|
||||
if (pa != expectedPa)
|
||||
{
|
||||
return false;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
position += PageSize;
|
||||
expectedPa += PageSize;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
return true;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public bool IsValidPosition(long position)
|
||||
{
|
||||
return position >> (PtLvl0Bits + PtLvl1Bits + PageBits) == 0;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
public void Dispose()
|
||||
{
|
||||
Dispose(true);
|
||||
|
|
@ -892,24 +976,36 @@ Unmapped:
|
|||
|
||||
protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (_pageTable == null)
|
||||
IntPtr ptr = Interlocked.Exchange(ref _pageTable, IntPtr.Zero);
|
||||
|
||||
if (ptr != IntPtr.Zero)
|
||||
{
|
||||
FreePageTableEntry(ptr, PageBits);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
private void FreePageTableEntry(IntPtr ptr, int levelBitEnd)
|
||||
{
|
||||
levelBitEnd += PtLevelBits;
|
||||
|
||||
if (levelBitEnd >= AddressSpaceBits)
|
||||
{
|
||||
Free(ptr);
|
||||
|
||||
return;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
for (int l0 = 0; l0 < PtLvl0Size; l0++)
|
||||
for (int index = 0; index < PtLevelSize; index++)
|
||||
{
|
||||
if (_pageTable[l0] != null)
|
||||
{
|
||||
Marshal.FreeHGlobal((IntPtr)_pageTable[l0]);
|
||||
}
|
||||
IntPtr ptePtr = ((IntPtr*)ptr)[index];
|
||||
|
||||
_pageTable[l0] = null;
|
||||
if (ptePtr != IntPtr.Zero)
|
||||
{
|
||||
FreePageTableEntry(ptePtr, levelBitEnd);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
Marshal.FreeHGlobal((IntPtr)_pageTable);
|
||||
|
||||
_pageTable = null;
|
||||
Free(ptr);
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
}
|
||||
Loading…
Add table
Add a link
Reference in a new issue