[Core] usb_device_state: consolidate usb state handling across implementations (#24258)

* usb_device_state: add idle_rate, led and protocol

Previously all usb drivers and platform implementations (expect for our
oddball atsam) tracked the same two global variables:

- keyboard_protocol: to indicate if we are in report or boot protocol
- keyboard_idle: for the idle_rate of the keyboard endpoint

And a local variable that was exposed trough some indirection:

- keyboard_led_state: for the currently set indicator leds (caps lock etc.)

These have all been moved into the usb_device_state struct wich is
accessible by getters and setters.

This reduces code duplication and centralizes the state management
across platforms and drivers.

Signed-off-by: Stefan Kerkmann <karlk90@pm.me>

* usb_device_state: reset protocol on reset

The usb hid specification section 7.2.6 states:

When initialized, all devices default to report protocol. However the
host should not make any assumptions about the device’s state and should
set the desired protocol whenever initializing a device.

Thus on reset we should always do exactly that.

Signed-off-by: Stefan Kerkmann <karlk90@pm.me>

* keyboards: fix oversize warnings

Signed-off-by: Stefan Kerkmann <karlk90@pm.me>

---------

Signed-off-by: Stefan Kerkmann <karlk90@pm.me>

quantum/command.c

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #include "led.h"
 #include "command.h"
 #include "quantum.h"
+#include "usb_device_state.h"
 #include "version.h"
 
 #ifdef BACKLIGHT_ENABLE
@@ -230,8 +231,8 @@ static void print_status(void) {
         "timer_read32(): %08lX\n"
 
         , host_keyboard_leds()
-        , keyboard_protocol
-        , keyboard_idle
+        , usb_device_state_get_protocol()
+        , usb_device_state_get_idle_rate()
 #ifdef NKRO_ENABLE
         , keymap_config.nkro
 #endif